@article {165,
	title = {Phasmids in Tylenchulidae (Tylenchida : Criconematoidea)},
	journal = {NematologyNematology},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Times Cited: 2 Article English Sturhan, D Inst Neamtol \& Wirbelitierkunde, Toppheideweg 88, D-48161 Munster, Germany Cited References Count: 12 972MW BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS LEIDEN Part 2},
	pages = {249-252},
	abstract = {Light-microscope studies revealed the presence of phasmids in the mid-tail region in species of the genera Tylenchulus, Trophotylenchulus (syn. Trophonema), Sphaeronema and Meloidoderita in Tylenchulidae. Scanning electron microscopy studies on Sphaeronema species verified these observations. Absence of phasmids or phasmid-like structures was confirmed for genera placed in Paratylenchinae and Tylenchocriconematinae in the same family, and for other taxa of Criconematoidea. This first record of phasmids in the superfamily Criconematoidea requires reconsideration of the systematic position of Tylenchulidae and of the relationships of the genera currently placed in this family. Presence of phasmids, deirids and other morphological characters place Tylenchulidae in a basal position in Criconematoidea},
	keywords = {CHARACTERS, ELECTRON, electron microscopy, ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY, Meloidoderita, morphology, Nematoda, Paratylenchus, POSITION, SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY, Sphaeronema, systematics, Trophonema, Trophotylenchulus, TYLENCHIDA, Tylenchocriconema, Tylenchulus},
	isbn = {1388-5545},
	author = {Sturhan, D. and Geraert, E.}
}
@article {141,
	title = {An improved molecular phylogeny of the Nematoda with special emphasis on marine taxa},
	journal = {Molecular Phylogenetics and EvolutionMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution},
	volume = {42},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Times Cited: 2 Review English Meldal, B. H. M Univ Cambridge, Hutchison MRC Res Ctr, Dept Oncol, Addenbrookes Hosp, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, England Cited References Count: 102 157KB ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SAN DIEGO},
	pages = {622-636},
	abstract = {Phylogenetic reconstructions of relations within the phylum Nematoda are inherently difficult but have been advanced with the introduction of large-scale molecular-based techniques. However, the most recent revisions were heavily biased towards terrestrial and parasitic species and greater representation of clades containing marine species (e.g. Araeolaimida, Chromadorida, Desmodorida, Desmoscolecida, Enoplida, and Monhysterida) is needed for accurate coverage of known taxonomic diversity. We now add small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequences for 100 previously un-sequenced species of nematodes, including 46 marine taxa. SSU rDNA sequences for > 200 taxa have been analysed based on Bayesian inference and LogDet-transformed distances. The resulting phylogenies provide support for (i) the re-classification of the Secernentea as the order Rhabditida that derived from a common ancestor of chromadorean orders Araeolaimida, Chromadorida, Desmodorida, Desmoscolecida, and Monhysterida and (ii) the position of Bunonema close to the Diplogasteroidea in the Rhabditina. Other, previously controversial relationships can now be resolved more clearly: (a) Alaimus, Campydora, and Trischistoma belong in the Enoplida, (b) Isolaimium is placed basally to a big clade containing the Axonolaimidae, Plectidae, and Rhabditida, (c) Xyzzors belongs in the Desmodoridae, (d) Comesomatidae and Cyartonema belongs in the Monhysterida, (e) Globodera belongs in the Hoplolaimidae and (0 Paratylenchus dianeae belongs in the Criconematoidea. However, the SSU gene did not provide significant support for the class Chromadoria or clear evidence for the relationship between the three classes, Enoplia, Dorylaimia, and Chromadoria. Furthermore, across the whole phylum, the phylogenetically informative characters of the SSU gene are not informative in a parsimony analysis, highlighting the short-comings of the parsimony method for large-scale phylogenetic modelling. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved},
	keywords = {Adenophorea, analysis, Bayesian inference, BAYESIAN-INFERENCE, Chromadorea, CLASSIFICATION, DNA, DORYLAIMIDA, Enoplea, Evolution, FOSSIL EVIDENCE, Globodera, Hoplolaimidae, LogDet transformation, marine nematodes, MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA, N-SP, Nematoda, NEMATODE, nematodes, parsimony, phylogenetic reconstruction, PHYLOGENIES, phylogeny, PHYLUM NEMATODA, RHABDITIDA, RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE, Secernentea, SEQUENCES, SSU rDNA, systematics, taxonomy},
	isbn = {1055-7903},
	author = {Meldal, B. H. M. and Debenham, N. J. and De Ley, P. and De Ley, I. T. and Vanfleteren, J. R. and Vierstraete, A. R. and Bert, W. and Borgonie, G. and Moens, T. and Tyler, P. A. and Austen, M. C. and Blaxter, M. L. and Rogers, A. D. and Lambshead, P. J. D.}
}
