@article {154,
	title = {Taxonomy and biogeography of Molgolaimus Ditlevsen, 1921 (Nematoda : Chromadoria) with reference to the origins of deep sea nematodes},
	journal = {Antarctic ScienceAntarctic Science},
	volume = {18},
	number = {1},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Fonseca, G Vanreusel, A Decraemer, W},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {23-50},
	abstract = {Molgolaimus is a genus of free-living marine nematodes which is found in high densities (10-35\% of the total community) LIP to 2000 in depth. Its occurrence is often associated with organically enriched and recently disturbed areas. Currently, only 16 species have been described, mainly from shallow waters. The present study contributes 17 new species mainly from the Weddell Sea but also from the Pacific Ocean, and provides an illustrated polytomous identification key to species level. The 33 Molgolaimus species described can be identified based on just a few morphometric features: spicule length, body length, anal body diameter, tail length and pharynx length. A first insight into the biogeography of this deep sea genus at species level is presented. A comparison of morphometric characteristics between species suggests that the most similar species co-occur in the same geographical region, rather than within the same bathymetric zones or similar ecosystems separated over long distances. These observations suggest that deep sea nematodes may not have a common origin but might have derived "recently" from shallow water taxa. Therefore, global distribution of nematodes could be explained by means of palacogeographical events.},
	isbn = {0954-1020},
	author = {Fonseca, G. and Vanreusel, A. and Decraemer, W.}
}
@article {155,
	title = {Taxonomy and species distribution of the genus Manganonema Bussau, 1993 (Nematoda : Monhysterida)},
	journal = {Cahiers de Biologie MarineCahiers de Biologie Marine},
	volume = {47},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Fonseca, Gustavo Decraemer, Wilfrida Vanreusel, Ann},
	pages = {189-203},
	abstract = {Different deep-sea sites are frequently characterized by a high number of species belonging to the same genus. In addition, some deep-sea genera (e.g. Acantholaimus, Monhystera, Halalaimus) seem to be dominant and present worldwide. The genus Manganonema is present in all oceans in low to medium densities (< 2\%) and, apparently, restricted to the deep sea (600 m and deeper). The present study deals with a revision of the genus Manganonema based upon known species and nine new species, where only 5 were named due to the lack of males (M. media sp. nov., M. pitilica sp. nov., M. robustus sp. nov., M. antarctica sp. nov., M. bussauensis sp. nov.). For the species identification, important characters are summarized in a pictorial key. The material studied was collected from six different sites: two in the North Atlantic (Europe), two in the Southern Ocean (Antarctic), one in the South-western Atlantic (Brazil), and one in Western Indian Ocean (Kenya). The species distribution suggests a high turnover of species between sites. Only one Manganonema species is recorded from two different sites in the Atlantic Ocean. These results suggest a high degree of endemism of species within the genus.},
	isbn = {0007-9723},
	author = {Fonseca, G. and Decraemer, W. and Vanreusel, A.}
}
@article {137,
	title = {State of the art of the free-living marine Monhysteridae (Nematoda)},
	journal = {Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United KingdomJournal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom},
	volume = {88},
	number = {7},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Fonseca, Gustavo Decraemer, WilfridaSi},
	month = {Nov},
	pages = {1371-1390},
	abstract = {The family Monhysteridae is characterized by 17 valid genera, seven of which are known to be free-living, inhabiting marine sediments. In total, 70 valid marine species are ascribed to these seven genera. Overall, the family is characterized by a confused taxonomic history with a large list of synonyms and species inquirendae. The taxonomic problem is not restricted to the old literature, but inconsistencies also appeared in recent studies. The aim of this study is to show the most important diagnostic characters to identify each genus and provide taxonomic tools for species identification. Dichotomous-keys and illustration-guides are attempted for the marine monhysterid species. For the family and each subfamily, tribe and marine genus a brief historical background, diagnosis and a list Of valid species is provided. Hereby, we propose to transfer eight species of the genus Thalassomonhystera to the genus Monhystrella.},
	isbn = {0025-3154},
	author = {Fonseca, G. and Decraemer, W.}
}
